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META exists at the crossroads of art and science and of culture and nature. Tracing the uncommon threads between common topics, META presents its readers with views into the abyss of visual information and with experiments in associative reading. META invites you to browse according to taste.
You may ask, “what?” An archive, a Wunderkammer, a magazine guided by methods of research, collection, preservation, reprint and the linking of topics at their META level.
You may then ask, “why?” To play with information in all its astatic glory. META refrains from attempts at categorization, taking a gamble on dynamic navigation! META eschews the linear in favor of surprise. Each visit starts with a random welcome and ends with an even more random exit.
Attanucci Timothy
TIMOTHY J. ATTANUCCI (1979) was born in Boston, Massachusetts and studies German literature at Princeton and the Humboldt University, Berlin. For META, he contributes his musings on the irony mark in No Irony.
Beth David
DAVID BETH (1974) is a writer and esoteric explorer, and the sovereign Grand Master of the Ordo Templi Orientis Antiqua. Learn more about his Gnostic involvement in XI. ARS DE REX—Sexual Magic, the Art of the King, where he is interviewed by Ailen Roc.
Brenner Summer
SUMMER BRENNER is an accomplished writer of poetry and fiction, based in Berkeley, California. Her writing has extended beyond the borders of print into performative and musical realms, and she is also involved with literacy and community projects targeted at youths. For META, she reads from her critically acclaimed novel and discusses her motivation for the project in Driving I-5.
Breuning Olaf
OLAF BREUNING (1970) is a Swiss artist, living in New York and working in photography, video, sculpture, installation and drawing. For META’s mini interview series, he shares some of his favorite things in accompaniment to a selection of photographic works. See Mini Breuning.
Buchina William
Illustrations by William Buchina
WILLIAM BUCHINA (1978) is an illustrator with a penchant for portraits of political tyrants. In addition, he is a graphic designer and creator of illustrated guides to English grammar, which are viewable at wgb1978.blogspot.com. He currently lives and works in Istanbul. See his work in The Body of the Event.
Bunnell Dave
DAVE BUNNELL (1952) lives in the small gold-rush era town of Angels Camp, California. This professional spelunker and photographer worked on an Imax film about caves, somewhere beneath Mexico. META interviewed him for Far Beyond Stalactites and Stalagmites.
Coronato Petra
PETRA CORONATO is probably the only author in the world who didn’t only read Alexanderplatz, but also swept it. She is the owner of tongue tongue Hong Kong, a company founded in 1993 with dependences in Berlin, Vienna and Zurich, which recycles fiction profitably and unpunished to this day. In 2006, she commenced the ongoing photography project The Poetry of Document.
Dantini Michele
MICHELE DANTINI’s (1966) work is characterized by its handling of trans-cultural practices and their socio-environmental implications. A widely translated essayist and performative lecturer, he holds a position as Professor of Contemporary Art History at the Università del Piemonte Orientale, Italy. See Chronicles of Deaths Foretold.
Doutreluingne Pauline
PAULINE DOUTRELUINGNE (1982) lived in Beijing for four years, where she co-organized the 2006 Borderline Moving Images Festival. She lives in Berlin and curates projects that bridge European and Asian art. For META, she interviewed Chen Wei in Archeology of the Future.
Doy Gen
GEN DOY is Lecturer at De Montfort University. She is the author of Picturing The Self, Drapery and Black Visual Culture. For META, Doy discusses the sensual politics of photography in the works of Claude Cahun.
Ferrante Denise Palma
DENISE PALMA FERRANTE (1975) is a multi-disciplined artist living and working in Berlin. She is also a self-declared anti-religionist. See Timkat 2009.
Foxwell Adam
ADAM FOXWELL is an American audio engineer who has worked internationally, consulting on acoustical room design, sound isolation and mechanical noise control. For META, he presents a study on noise exposure in On the Hunt for Silence in Dubai.
Fresco Jacque
JACQUE FRESCO (1916) is an industrial designer and social engineer, author, lecturer, inventor and Futurist. Based in Venus, Florida, he is developing the practice of Socio-Cyber-Neering. Read the META interview Back to the Future—The Venus Project.
Gavron Assaf
ASSAF GAVRON (1968) is an Israeli writer, translator and musician. His novel CrocAttack is available in Hebrew, English, German, Italian and Dutch. Find out more on his website and see The Outpost.
Glaser Bruno
Dr. BRUNO GLASER is Assistant Professor at the Institute of Soil Science and Soil Geography at the University of Bayreuth. For over several years he has been conducting Amazonian dark earth research from a soil science perspective including soil fertility, sustainability, and archaeology aspects. See Terra Preta .
Goldwyn Mara
MARA GOLDWYN (1976) calls herself an artist but does not show anywhere and would never actually introduce herself as such. She has an existential allergy to genres, categories and identity constructs. See Showing the Opposite Side of the Death Machine.
Guo-Qiang Cai
Artist CAI GUO-QIANG (1957) was born in China’s Fujian Province. While living in Japan between 1986 and 1995 he began to experiment with gunpowder as a medium, gaining international attention. He has gone on to exhibit world wide and to produce large scale pyrotechnic art works. See On Explosions.
Hill Patrick
Sculptor PATRICK HILL (1972) has exhibited widely in the US and internationally as an important representative of the contemporary Los Angeles art scene. David Kordansky Gallery provided META with images of Hill’s work for Patrick Hill—Sculpture, Associated.
Horvitz David
ASDF Makes founder DAVID HORVITZ (1983) is a man of many ideas. One could say this American artist’s medium is the Internet, though it may be more accurate to say that he works in interactive projects. See ASDF—Read On.
Hugo Pieter
Artist PIETER HUGO (1976) has spent his whole life in Cape Town, South Africa, though travelled extensively pursuing his characteristic brand of documentary photography. A 2002-3 residency at the Beneton Group Communication Research Center, Fabrica, also led to work with Colors magazine. In 2006 he was awarded first prize in the World Press Photo competition’s Portraits section. Welcome to Nollywood explores a recent project carried out with the Nigerian film industry.
Idnert B. Zlatan
ZLATAN B. IDNERT is an audio engineer who has worked in the fields of modelling for outdoor noise propagation, building acoustics and ground borne vibrations. He has widely consulted on acoustical engineering projects. See On the Hunt for Silence in Dubai.
Kempenaers Jan
JAN KEMPENAERS (1968) is an artist and documentary photographer based in Antwerp. He creates mute images of semi urban-places. Regardless of geographical context, his photographs speak powerfully to the post industrial condition and of the technologized human subject. See Spomenik, the Monuments of Former Yugoslavia.
Lin Tao
TAO LIN (1983) is an American poet, novelist and short story writer. He is the author of Shoplifting from American Apparel, Eeeee Eee Eeee, and Bed, as well as two poetry collections, you are a little bit happier than I am, and cognitive-behavioral therapy. Lin’s second novel, Richard Yates, was published in September 2010.
See Tao Lin’s Crossword Puzzle.
Maisel David
DAVID MAISEL’s (1961) photographs chronicle the complex relationships between natural systems and human intervention. His work is included in many permanent collections, such as the Metropolitan Museum of Art. Maisel lives and works in the area of San Francisco. See Blooming Souls.
Maximishin Sergey
SERGEY MAXIMISHIN (1964) photographed for the Soviet Military Force Group on Cuba from 1985 to 1987. A learned physicist, he worked in the scientific and technical expertise laboratory in the Hermitage Museum and has gone on to become an award winning press photographer.
See The Dostoevsky of Photography.
Mendoza Connie
CONNIE MENDOZA (1971) is a media artist, working between Berlin and Barcelona. Fata Morgana and Other Optical Phenomena discusses her film, in which Mendoza travels back to her birthplace to trace the complex relationships of her childhood to Chilean history and space travel, thereby producing images that mediate the perception of time as a highly subjective matter.
Minx Rua
RUA MINX is Donna Huanca (1980), an artist who deals with clothing as shelter, transportable homes for nomads and cultural and genetic traces. Her various projects have received a range of support, from the Dallas Museum of Art to Städelschule, Frankfurt; from the Incehon Women’s Biennale Korea to British Vogue. She launched META’s downloadable artist piece series with Mask Maker.
Morrison Rachael
RACHAEL MORRISON (1981) is an artist, curator, and a librarian at the Museum of Modern Art in New York. She is the creator of an art work and a documentary film about the blind telephone hacker Joybubbles, as she describes in 718-362-9578.
Neutelings Jan
Architect WILLEM JAN NEUTELINGS (1959) has taught at the Berlage Institute in Rotterdam and Harvard University. His firm, Neutelings Riedijk Architects, is located in Rotterdam. He wrote Spomenik, the Monuments of Former Yugoslavia on Jan Kempenaer’s photo-documentation.
Nielsen Nikolaj
Nikolaj Nielsen is a Brussels-based journalist. For META, Nielsen considers the provocative film "Enjoy Poverty Please" by Dutch artist Renzo Martens in regards to the <The Lucrative Business of Chaos and Aid. For more of Nielsen's writing, visit his website.
Okón Yoshua
Yoshua Okón was born in Mexico City in 1970 where he currently lives. In his often absurd and provocative art, Okón stages partially scripted scenes using non-actors whose own identities and histories make up the true, underlying story. See Octopus. Okón founded the artist-run space La Panadería in 1994 and the artist-run space and school SOMA in 2009, both in Mexico City.
Patt Lise
LISE PATT is the founder of the Institute of Cultural Inquiry, a peripatetic visual think tank currently headquartered in Los Angeles, CA. Over the years she has treated ‘collaboration’ as an artist medium, in the development of a non-profit organization that embraces ‘collective camouflage’ in their ongoing projects. See Inquiry into the Institute of Cultural Inquiry.
Petrovszky Konrad
KONRAD PETROVSZKY (1977) is a historian specializing in the intellectual history of Southeastern Europe. He wrote a PhD thesis on early modern historiography in Ottoman Europe at the Free University, Berlin. He talks Romania and reenactment in The Body of the Event.
Rameau Max
Haitian-born, DC-raised MAX RAMEAU is a pan-African theorist, organizer and founder of the group, Take Back the Land. He has worked on issues ranging from economic development to ex-felons. He discusses the US housing crisis in Desperate Times, Desperate Measures.
Rau Milo
MILO RAU (1977) is a journalist, essayist, historian, playwright, translator, teacher, film-maker, blogger, reenactor and director of IIPM (International Institute of Political Murder, or Institute for Theoretic and Artistic Reenactments). See The Body of the Event.
Roc Ailen
AILEN ROC studied various esoteric fields such as ceremonial Magick, Sexual Magick, Tantra, Astrology, Tarot, the Quaballah and different astral-levels along with Psychology. She is currently working on her own tarot deck and a book combining certain occult fields with elements of psychology. See XI. ARS DE REX—Sexual Magic, the Art of the King.
Shapiro Alan
ALAN SHAPIRO (1956) is a key contributor to the fields of idea philosophy, software engineering and social choreography. At 15, he began studying at MIT and has more recently published a book on Star Trek and given talks at the Transmediale and Ars Electronica festivals. In an interview with META, he explains why “Being against work as it is constituted today is fundamental.” See A New Computer Science is Underway.
Situ Studio
SITU STUDIO was founded in 2005 while its partners were studying architecture at The Cooper Union. Operating at the intersection of architecture and a variety of other disciplines, Situ Studio’s work has been enriched by close collaborations with geologists, writers, engineers, biologists, activists and artists. See Out of Control.
Small Gary
GARY SMALL, M.D., is the Director of the UCLA Memory and Aging Research Center at the Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior. He is the author of iBrain Surviving the Technological Alteration of the Modern Mind. See This is Your Brain on Technology.
Thompson Cosette
COSETTE THOMPSON is a French-American human rights consultant and freelance writer based in Arizona, USA, where she directed Amnesty International for many years. Her current interests focus on the contribution of artistic expression to the field of human rights and on the protection of threatened languages. See Sentenced to Read.
van Haarlem Dr. Michiel P.
DR. MICHIEL VAN HAARLEM (1964) is the Managing Director of the LOFAR Foundation in the Netherlands, a part of the ASTRON Institute. The astronomer discusses the next generation of telescope in META’s Harmony of the Spheres.
Vanden Eynde Maarten
Belgian-born MAARTEN VANDEN EYNDE (1977) lives and works between Rotterdam, Brussels and Saint Mihiel. His projects span all art media, focussing on topics of ecology, archeology, biology and zoology. In 2006 he founded Enough Room for Space for “the creation of physical, virtual and mental space for cultural initiatives by initiating and coordinating events and residence/research projects worldwide.” He enlightens META on plastic in Plastic Reef.
Wei Chen
Artist CHEN WEI (1980) works in Beijing and Hangzhou, incorporating influential objects and happenings from his past into the realities of modern China. He is represented by the Platform China Contemporary Art Institute in Beijing. See Archeology of the Future.
EDITORIAL
Rachel de Joode
Emilie Florenkowsky
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DESIGN
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CODING
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| Plastic Reef |
| Octopus |
| 718-362-9578 |
| Inquiry into the Institute of Cultural Inquiry |
| The Lucrative Business of Chaos and Aid |
| The Outpost |
| Driving I-5 |
| The Clothing of Nature |
| Back to the Future—The Venus Project |
| Welcome to Nollywood |
| Mask Maker |
| Blooming Souls |
| Patrick Hill—Sculpture, Associated |
| Tao Lin’s Crossword Puzzle |
| Chronicle of Deaths Foretold |
| Claude Cahun—A Sensual Politics of Photography |
| Sentenced to Read |
| The Harmony of the Spheres |
| Out of Control: Experiments in Participation |
| XI. ARS DE REX—Sexual Magic, the Art of the King |
| The Nine Lives of Kaufhaus Jonass |
| Showing the Opposite Side of the Death Machine |
| A New Computer Science is Underway |
| Spomenik, the Monuments of Former Yugoslavia |
| The Poetry of Document |
| ASDF—Read On |
| The Body of the Event |
| This is Your Brain on Technology |
| Timkat 2009 |
| No Irony؟ |
| Desperate Times, Desperate Measures |
| On Explosions |
| Stories of Life and Love in Today’s Actual Arctic |
| Photography and the Invisible |
| Fata Morgana and Other Optical Phenomena |
| On the Hunt for Silence in Dubai |
| The Dostoevsky of Photography |
| Archeology of the Future |
| Far Beyond Stalactites and Stalagmites |
| Mini Breuning |
| Terra Preta—Amazonian Earth |
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Introduction and translation from French by Cosette Thompson
Could reading books be worse than serving a prison term? It appears so from the offender’s point of view. In the examples given here as well as in other contexts alternative punishments represent a praiseworthy effort to reduce recidivism. However they can also be used as a form of ill-treatment: last year Turkish authorities in the province of Adana sought to punish demonstrators by withdrawing the cards (granted to the poorest families) that gave them access to health care instead of arresting them.
Is “creative” sentencing that unusual? Maybe not as shown by similar examples from the United States: In Texas a man who was beating his wife had to take up yoga classes to control his anger. In South Carolina juvenile courts may require a child to go to the public library, read books and write book reports. Whether it enhances probation or punishment, creativity causes us to reflect on its double-edged potential. And, by the way, would we rather receive a library card or lose a health card? Maybe it is a matter of opinion.
Text by Bakr Sidqi for Courrier International # 978 (Aug 09)
Turkish legislation allows for the suspension of a prison sentence by mandating up to five years of probation combined with reading and sometimes community service requirements. Such rulings can only apply if the offense does not call for more than three years in detention, if there are no prior convictions, and if the accused shows remorse and exhibits good behavior. The first reading sentence dates back to 2006. Alparslan Yigit was arrested while drunk in the city of Yozgat (Central Turkey) and sentenced to two weeks in jail for disorderly conduct. His prison sentence was commuted and he was then required to read one hour and a half every day under police surveillance.
He gave the following interview to the local paper:
-“How did you react when your sentence was commuted?”
-“I asked the judge to treat me like everyone else. I told him: ‘If you require me to read a book, people are going to make fun of me!’ For me to read a book is just like doing the dishes at home. But the judge did not change the sentence. I was very upset.”
-“How did you feel when you first went into the library?”
-“At first, it was horrible. I felt like I was being tortured and that everyone in town was staring at me.”
-“What was the title of your first book? Did you actually read the books?”
-“I started with a book on Turkish writers. I also read a biography of Ataturk. It took me a whole month to read those big books. I actually just turned the pages and pretended I was reading. But when I was told that the judge would ask me questions about the content of the books, I really started to read. I don’t wish this on anyone, not even my worse enemy.”
-“Have you at any point thought that you would prefer to be in jail?”
-“Yes I have. But the judge had told me that the prison stay would show up on my record and that I would not be able to find work again. Otherwise, spending two weeks in jail would not have been a big deal. I would have walked out of it proudly.”
-“But now you don’t feel proud?”
-“Not really. I know that people make fun of me behind my back. This being said, I learned a lot of things that they know nothing about. It’s my turn to make fun of them.”
-“Did you continue to read after that?”
-“I realized that reading is not that terrible. Learning is good. These days I read as soon as I get a chance.”
In Diyarbakir (a major city in Southeastern Turkey), a judge required Hayrettin J. to buy flowers for his wife every week for five months. It was his punishment for having beaten her and taken in a second wife. Although Turkish law does not allow polygamy, many Turkish men turn to clerics to marry a second time unofficially. Hayrettin allegedly works as a custodian and also owns a market stall. He had been married for some 20 years to Ayse with whom he had seven children. When he took a second wife Ayse, not wanting to live under the same roof, asked him to move her to a new house. A fight ensued and Hayrettin ended up beating Ayse as well as their 10-year old son. She then left the house and filed a complaint.
During his court hearing Hayrettin surprised the judges and the audience when he justified himself by saying: “I had an argument with my spouse because I took a second wife. She demanded a new house for herself. I am a custodian and my job wears me out. Maybe I did beat my son but he did not help me with my work.”
Subsequently the judge asked Hayrettin if he ever bought flowers for his wife. His reply was: “I don’t know my wife’s birthday or the date of our anniversary. No, I never gave her flowers.” The judge released him under the condition that he buy the flowers and that he read one book a month, that is to say a total of 5 books on the topic of “family relationships and child rearing”. This sentence infuriated Hayrettin: “Through my job I have been supporting 10 people. And all the judges could come up with was a publicly humiliating obligation to buy flowers for my wife. I’ve already been in jail, but I will never accept to be ridiculed that way. I’d rather get a divorce. Let the court take care of my wife and kids. No one may mess with my sense of honor.”
In another case, 33-year old Omer Duman was sentenced to 5 years of mandatory reading—every month he had to read a book selected from the world literature classics. He had been married for eleven years and was the father of two children. In May 2009, after an argument with his 28-year old wife Aynur, he slapped her on the street in the town of Saraykoy (Southwestern Anatolia). She filed a complaint with the police and Omer was prosecuted. He was given a public library card and started reading War and Peace by Tolstoi. He expressed remorse and promised never to hit his wife again.
Not all decisions coming out of Turkish tribunals are obviously that “quaint”. This is not the place to address the numerous cases of writers and intellectuals prosecuted for simply exercising their freedom of expression, or of banned political parties. I will only mention here the case of ten minors rotting in jail because they were suspected of throwing stones at the police during a demonstration organized by the Kurdish Workers Party (PKK). Anti-terrorism legislation allows for the prosecution of children as criminals. However, agreements between Turkey and the European Union enable Turkish citizens to bring their appeals to European courts.
The European Court of Human Rights often restores the plaintiff’s rights. The most recent case is that of Mrs. Nahide Obuz who accused the Turkish government of not protecting her against her husband’s violent behavior. The Court sided with her and ruled that the State had to award her 36,500 euros. Turkey thus became the first country to be sentenced by a European court as a result of a domestic violence lawsuit.
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SITU STUDIO is a reserach, design and fabrication firm based in Brooklyn. Their space-altering, site-specific architectural installation reOrder augurated the Great Hall project in the Brooklyn Museum. For reOrder and other projects, see Situ’s website.
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